EL NOMBRE DE LOS OTROS: SOCIOLINGÜÍSTICA GENTILICIA EN EL ÚLTIMO PATRIARCA DE NAJAT EL-HACHMI
Antonio Daniel Fuentes González
Resumen
La conexión disciplinar entre sociolingüística y literatura puede ser cultivada mediante una metodología pluridimensional que dé cuenta de la complejidad del hecho literario y del mundo actual. En este trabajo se analizan los gentilicios que aparecen en la novela El último patriarca. Se descubre una interesante estructura psicosocial y política donde la autora confronta un nuevo marco constituyente (intercultural) en coexistencia con otro que es instituyente (neocolonial, racista y machista) y aún otro subsistente (marco religioso medieval). A pesar de que la narración orienta una mirada intercultural, puede existir el riesgo de que esa perspectiva abierta e indefinida se haga luego definida y cerrada en uno de esos marcos interpretativos. El éxito de una lectura intercultural y propositiva del texto literario tendrá mucho que ver con el contexto social hegemónico, que desde luego habrá de correr ese gran velo de interferencias consistente en etiquetar a las personas por su religión, su lugar de procedencia o por su cultura.
ABSTRACT
The interdisciplinary connection between Sociolinguistics and Literature can be fostered by means of a multidimensional methodology that proves the complexity of the literary fact and nowadays world. This work purports to analyze the place, region and country names present in the novel El último patriarca. The study discovers an interesting psychosocial and political structure where the authoress confronts a new forming frame (intercultural) in coexistence with another that is more rule and establishment-like (neo-colonial, racist and male chauvinist) and even another surviving one (medieval religious frame). Although the narration orientates an intercultural look at reality, the risk of narrowing this non-defined and open perspective into one that is closed and defined is also a possibility as an interpretative frame. Therefore, the success of a suggesting and intercultural reading of a literary text will depend on the hegemonic social context, which duly will have to draw the curtains of interferences so that people are no longer labeled according to religion, place or culture.
ABSTRACT
The interdisciplinary connection between Sociolinguistics and Literature can be fostered by means of a multidimensional methodology that proves the complexity of the literary fact and nowadays world. This work purports to analyze the place, region and country names present in the novel El último patriarca. The study discovers an interesting psychosocial and political structure where the authoress confronts a new forming frame (intercultural) in coexistence with another that is more rule and establishment-like (neo-colonial, racist and male chauvinist) and even another surviving one (medieval religious frame). Although the narration orientates an intercultural look at reality, the risk of narrowing this non-defined and open perspective into one that is closed and defined is also a possibility as an interpretative frame. Therefore, the success of a suggesting and intercultural reading of a literary text will depend on the hegemonic social context, which duly will have to draw the curtains of interferences so that people are no longer labeled according to religion, place or culture.
sociolingüística gentilicia, cosificación cultural, interculturalidad, cismogénesis, etnofaulismos. Sociolinguistics of Demonyms, Cultural Objectivization, Interculturality, Shcismogenesis, ethnophaulisms.
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